Hydraulics can be insanely precise or absurdly powerful. They might seem like simple machines pumping fluid back and forth, but they’re based on powerful principles of physics and engineering that have been in use for centuries. Here are seven interesting facts about hydraulic systems you may not know.

1. Hydraulics Use the Power of Incompressible Fluids

The core principle behind hydraulics is Pascal’s Law, which states that pressure applied to a confined fluid is transmitted equally in all directions. Because hydraulic fluids (usually oil) are nearly incompressible, they can transmit huge amounts of force almost instantly - making them perfect for heavy lifting and precision control.

2. They Can Multiply Force by 1000 times

One of the coolest things about hydraulic systems is their ability to amplify force. You can apply a small amount of pressure at one point in the system and produce a much larger force at another. This is why you can lift an entire car with a relatively small hydraulic jack!  Depending on the size of a cylinder and piston, hydraulics can amplify a force by 1000’s of times.

3. They’ve Been Around Since Ancient Times

The concept of using water or fluid for mechanical advantage isn’t new. Ancient Greeks and Romans used water pressure for irrigation, and early forms of automation. The modern version of hydraulic systems began taking shape in the 17th century thanks to the work of the French physicist, Blaise Pascal.  Now there’s a man who could handle the pressure… He discovered the amazing power of enclosed liquids. Perhaps it was Pascal who coined the phrase “Go with the Flo…”

4. Hydraulics Are in Surprising Places

You expect to find hydraulic systems in diggers and dump trucks - but they’re also in earthquake-proof buildings, aircraft, remote surgical tools, theme park rides, and even barber chairs! Anywhere controlled movement and strong force are needed, you’ll likely find a hydraulic system working quietly behind the scenes.

5. They’re Incredibly Precise

Despite their brute strength, hydraulic systems offer an extremely high level of precision. With the right valves and sensors, operators can control movements down to the millimetre—ideal for everything from surgery equipment to industrial robots.

6. Hydraulic Fluid Does More Than Move

Hydraulic fluid isn’t just there to transmit force. It also lubricates the system, cools components, and helps prevent corrosion. That’s why regular maintenance, including checking fluid levels and quality, is so important to keep everything running smoothly.

7. Hydraulic Exoskeletons are here!

Mechanical exoskeletons are wearable machines that use hydraulic actuators to amplify human strength and movement. They function like a mechanical skeleton layered over the human body, allowing the user to lift heavy loads, reduce fatigue, or restore mobility. How good is that!

Hydraulic exoskeletons are at the forefront of wearable industrial robotics, combining the power of hydraulics, with the versatility of human movement.

Final Thought

Hydraulic systems might not always get the spotlight, but they’re the muscle behind the machines that keep the world moving. Whether you’re watching a bulldozer at work or flying on a plane, hydraulics are likely playing a crucial role just beneath the surface.